Reliability and dependability standards provide quick guides for reliability details. They are an efficient method for avoiding the not invented here (NIH) syndrome. A wide variety of subjects are available from IEC (International Electrical Congress) TC-56 subcommittee for publications (Technical Committee 56 is responsible for dependability issues driven by a strategic policy statement).
IEC defines dependability as- “Dependability describes the availability performance and its influencing factors: reliability performance, maintainability performance and maintenance support performance”. The committee was formed in 1965 as TC 56 Reliability and Maintainability and the title was changed to Dependability in 1989 and in 1990 it was agreed that the scope should no longer be limited to the electrotechnical field but should address generic dependability issues across all disciplines. TC 56 is attempting to minimize standards and duplication by cross-committee membership with organizations such as IEEE and ASQ. Some of the 50 IEC publications are:
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· Reliability growth (Crow/AMSAA) |
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Barringer
& Associates, Inc. is not affiliated with IEC nor do we stock their
publications—you can procure most of the following documents from IEC as
downloadable PDF’s from their website store at http://www.iec.ch.
Dependability
management:
IEC 60300-1
(2003-06) Dependability management-Part 1: Dependability management
systems. Deals with dependability
performance issues including availability performance, reliability performance, maintainability
performance, and maintenance support performance. (17 pages, ~US$52)
IEC 60300-2
(2004-03) Dependability management-Part 2: Provides guidelines for
dependability management of product design, development, evaluation and process
enhancements. Life cycle models are used
to describe product development or project phases. Applicable for detailed planning and
implementation of a dependability program to meet specific product needs. (103
pages, ~US$92)
IEC
60300-3-1 (2003-01) Dependability management-Part 3-1:
Application guide-Analysis techniques for dependability-Guide on
methodology. Describes
a general overview of common dependability analysis techniques along with
advantages/disadvantages for choosing the appropriate method. (59 pages,
~US$117)
IEC
60300-3-2 (2004-11-10) Dependability management-Part 3:
Application guide-Section 2:
Collection of dependability data from the field. Describes guidelines for
the collection of data relating to reliability, maintainability, availability,
and maintenance support performance in the field. (79 pages, US$114)
IEC
60300-3-3 (2005-08-29) Dependability management-Part3:
Application guide-Section 3: Life
cycle costing. This part of IEC 60300
provides a general introduction to the concept of life cycle costing and covers
all applications. This standard is
intended for general application by both customers (users) and suppliers of
products. It explains the purpose and
value of life cycle costing and outlines the general approaches involved. It also identifies typical life cycle cost
elements to facilitate project and programme
planning. (127 pages, ~US$147)
IEC 60300-3-4
(2007-09) Dependability management-Part 3-4: Guide to the specification of
dependability requirements. (71 pages, ~US$120).
IEC
60300-3-5 (2001-03) Dependability management-Part 3-5:
Application guide-Reliability test
conditions and statistical test principles.
Describes guidelines for planning and performing reliability tests and
the use of statistical methods to discover weaknesses in the design that could
be corrected to improve performance, quality, safety, robustness, reliability,
availability, and reduce costs. (139 pages, ~US$137)
IEC 60300-3-6 (1997-11) Dependability management-Part 3:
Application guide-Section 6:
Software aspects of dependability. Describes dependability elements and tasks for systems or products
containing software. (59 pages,
~US$73)—This document has been withdrawn in 2004 and replaced by IEC 60300-2
.
IEC 60300-3-7 (1999-05)
Dependability management-Part 3-7: Application guide-Reliability stress screening of electronic hardware. Describes and application guide to reliability
stress screening for electronic hardware. (69 pages, ~US$82)—This document has
been withdrawn in 2007 and replace by IEC 61163-1
and IEC
61163-2
IEC
60300-3-9 (1995-12) Dependability management-Part 3:
Application guide-Section 9: Risk
analysis of technological systems. Describes guidelines for selecting and implementing risk analysis
techniques for quality and consistency in planning and execution for risk
analysis. (67 pages, ~US$82)
IEC
60300-3-10 (2001-01) Dependability management-Part 3-10:
Application guide-Maintainability. Describes implementation of
a maintainability program. (67 pages, ~US$82)
IEC
60300-3-11 (1999-03) Dependability management-Part 3-11:
Application guide-Reliability centered
maintenance. Describes
development of a preventive maintenance program using RCM techniques.
(107 pages, ~US$117)
IEC 6003-3-12 (2001-12) Dependability
management-Part 3-12: Application guide-Integrated logistic support. Describes an application guide for the purchaser/supplier to
complete product life cycle. (93
pages, ~US$101)
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Life Cycle Costs
IEC
60300-3-3 (2005-08-29) Dependability management-Part3:
Application guide-Section 3: Life
cycle costing. Describes
life cycle costing concepts and general guidance for conducting life cycle cost
analysis. (59 pages, ~US$147)
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Specifications
IEC 60300-3-4
(2007-09) Dependability management-Part 3-4: Guide to the specification of
dependability requirements. (71 pages, ~US$120).
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Prediction
No published application guide or draft is available—more
later.
IEC 60319 (1999-09) Presentation and specification of
reliability data for electronic components. This standard provides guidance for the
collection and presentation of data relating to the reliability of electronic
components and their reliability characteristics. It also provides guidance to users as to how
they should specify their reliability requirements to manufactures. (39 pages,
~US$72)
IEC 60863 (1986-05) was withdrawn in 2004 and replaced by IEC 60319 also
described above and IEC 61709 described below.
Presentation of
reliability, maintainability, and availability predictions. Describes items for presentation of
reliability predictions for quantitative characteristics of reliability, maintainability,
availability, including hardware, software, and human elements. (23 pages, ~$US 35)
IEC
61709 (1992-10) Electronic Components – Reliability – Reference conditions for failure
rates and stress models for conversion.
Describes the use of failure rate data for reliabiolty prediction of components in electronic equipment
including the effects of complexity, stress models for conversion. (83 pages, ~US$101).
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Design Review
IEC 61160 (1992-09) Formal Design Review. Describes means of
stimulating product or process improvement for dependability, life, safety,
endurance, environment, electromagnetic compatibility, and performance
requirements. (63 pages, ~US$82)
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Analytical Techniques
IEC 60300-1
(3003-06) Dependability management-Part 1: Dependability management systems. Deals with dependability performance issues
including availability performance, reliability performance, maintainability performance, and
maintenance support performance. (17
pages, ~US$52)
IEC
60812 (1985-07) Analysis techniques for system reliability – Procedure for failure
mode and effects analysis ( FMEA ). Describes FMEA and FMECA with guidance for application. (41 pages, ~US$64)
IEC
61025 (1990-10) Fault tree analysis ( FTA ). Defines basic principles,
and the steps necessary to perform an analysis, identifies appropriate
assumptions, events and failure modes, and provides identification rules and
symbols. (39 pages, US$57)
IEC
61078 (1991-11) Analysis techniques for dependability – Reliability block diagram
method. Describes procedures for
modeling system reliability to calculate reliability and availability measures
and contains a standard set of symbols related to reliability parameters. (57
pages, ~US$73)
IEC 61165 (1995-01) Application
of Markov techniques.
Describes Markov analysis methods for modeling maintenance strategies
along with failure restorations events displayed in a pictorial way. (45 pages, US$64)
IEC
61882 (2001-05) Hazard and operability studies ( HAZOP studies
) – Application guide. Describes a guide for HAZOP studies with guide words. (113 pages, US$117)
IEC
61649 (1997-05) Goodness-of-fit
tests, confidence intervals and lower confidence limits for Weibull distributed
data. (31 pages, US$52)
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Reliability Growth
IEC 61014
(1989-11) Programs for reliability growth. Describes
guidelines for exposure and removal of weaknesses in hardware and software
items to make reliability grow and mathematical modeling is outlined briefly.
(61 pages, ~US$82)
IEC 61164 (1995-06) Reliability
growth – Statistical test and estimation methods. Describes standard models
and numerical methods for reliability growth assessments based on failure data
from a single system. (61
pages, ~US$82)
IEC 61710 (2000-11) along with
corrigendum IEC
61710 Corr.1 (2001-09) Power law model – Goodness-of-fit test and
estimation methods. Describes procedures to estimate the parameters of the power law model
along with confidence intervals for failure intensity, and prediction intervals
for the time to future failures along with a test of goodness of fit to data
from repaired items. (77 pages,
~US$92)
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Reliability Testing and Statistical Principles
IEC
60300-3-5 (2001-03) Dependability management-Part 3-5:
Application guide-Reliability test
conditions and statistical test principles.
Describes guidelines for planning and performing reliability tests and
the use of statistical methods to discover weaknesses in the design that could
be corrected to improve performance, quality, safety, robustness, reliability,
availability, and reduce costs. (139 pages, ~US$137)
IEC 60605-2 (1994-10) Equipment
reliability testing-Part 2: Design of test cycles. Describes the design of operating eand environmental test cycles referenced in section 8.1
and 8.2 of IEC 605-1 [which was withdrawn in 2001 and replaced by IEC60300-3-5]
(57 pages, ~US$73).
IEC
60605-3-1 (1986-09) Equipment reliability testing-Part 3:
Preferred test conditions. Indoor portable equipment-Low degree of simulation. Describes tests for portable equipment
operated in a stationary position. (19
pages, ~US$32)
IEC
60605-3-2 (1986-09) Equipment reliability testing- Part 3:
Preferred test conditions. Equipment for
stationary use in weather protected locations – High degree of simulation. Describes preferred test conditions given in
IEC 605-1 [which was withdrawn in 2001 and replaced by IEC60300-3-5]
(21 pages, ~US$35).
IEC 60605-3-3
(1992-11) Equipment reliability testing – Part 3: Preferred test conditions –
Section 3: Test Cycle 3: Equipment for stationary use in partially weather
protected locations – Low degree of simulation. Describes test cycles not intended to replace
tests for other purposes. (29 pages,
~US$42)
IEC 60605-3-4 (1992-07) Equipment
reliability testing. Part 3:
Preferred test condition. Section 4:
Test cycle 4: Equipment for portable and no-stationary use – Low degree of
simulation. Describes preferred test
conditions as give in IEC 60605-1. (33
pages, ~US$52)
IEC 60605-3-5 (1996-03) along with
corrigendum IEC
60605-3-5 Corr.1 (1996-03) Equipment reliability testing. Part 3: Preferred test condition. Section 5: Test cycle 4: Ground mobile
equipment – Low degree of simulation.
Describes direct current (dc) powered mobile equipment tests as give in
IEC 60721-2-1. (35 pages, ~US$52)
IEC 60605-3-6 (1996-08) Equipment
reliability testing. Part 3:
Preferred test condition. Section 6:
Test cycle 6: Outdoor transportable equipment – Low degree of simulation. Describes testing of
outdoor transportable equipment operating in a stationary position in a “warm
temperature” as per IEC 60721-2-1.
(33 pages, ~US$52)
IEC 60605-4 (2001-08) Equipment
reliability testing. Part 4: Statistical
procedures for exponential distribution – Point estimates, confidence
intervals, prediction intervals and tolerance intervals..
Describes statistical methods for evaluating point
estimates, confidence intervals, prediction intervals, and tolerance intervals
for the failure rate of items whose time to failure follows and exponential
distribution. (65 pages, ~US$82)
IEC
60605-6 (2007-05) along with corrigendum IEC
60605-6 Corr.1 (2000-12) Equipment reliability testing – Part 6:
Tests for the validity of the constant failure rate or constant failure
intensity assumptions. Describes
procedures to verify the assumption of a constant failure rates as defined in IEC
60050-191(1990-12) (Terminology).
IEC 61070 (1991-11) Compliance
test procedures for steady-state availability. Describes compliance
testing techniques for availability performance testing of frequently
maintained items.
IEC 61123
(1991-12) Reliability testing – Compliance test plans for success ratio. Describes procedures for compliance test
plans for success ratio or failure ratio tests where each trial is
statistically independent. Supersedes IEC 605-5. (61 pages, ~US$82)
IEC
61124 (2006-03-15) Reliability testing – Compliance tests for
constant failure rate and constant failure intensity. Describes a number of
optimized test plans, the corresponding operating characteristic curves and
expected test times. In addition
the algorithms for designing test plans using a spreadsheet program are also
given, together with guidance on how to choose test plans. This standard does not cover guidance on how
to plan, perform, analyse and report a test as this
information can be found in IEC60300-3-5.
(250 pages, ~US$225)
IEC 61649 (1997-05) Goodness-of-fit
tests, confidence intervals and lower confidence limits for Weibull
distribution data. Describes numerical methods for performing a Weibull goodness of
fit test for two-parameter Weibull distribution using maximum likelihood
methods. (31 pages, ~US$47)
IEC 61650 (1997-08) Reliability
data analysis techniques – Procedures for comparison of two constant failure
rates and two constant failure (event) intensities. Describes procedures to compare two observed
failure rates, failure intensities, or rates/intensities of relevant events to
determine apparent differences between the two sets of data—contains simple
practical examples (39pages, ~US$57)
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Sampling And
Inspection Procedures
IEC
60410 (1973-01) Sampling plans and procedures for inspection by attributes. Describes plans and
procedures for inspection by attributes.
(82 pages, ~us$101)
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Reliability Stress Screening
IEC 60300-3-7 (1999-05)
Dependability management-Part 3-7: Application guide-Reliability stress screening of electronic hardware. Describes and application guide to
reliability stress screening for electronic hardware. (69 pages, ~US$82) —This
document has been withdrawn in 2007 and replace by IEC 61163-1
and IEC
61163-2
IEC 61163-1 Ed. 2.0 (2006-06-26) Reliability stress screening – Part 1: Repairable items manufactured in lots. Describes processes which are applicable for hardware items which have unacceptably low reliability in the early failure periods and when other methods such as reliability grow plots are not applicable. (153 pages, ~US$214)
IEC 61163-2 (1998-11) Reliability stress screening – Part 2: Electronic components. Describes guidance on reliability stress screening techniques and procedures for electronic components. (69 pages, ~US$82)
IEC 61163-3 (draft and voting per TC-5) Reliability stress screening. Part 3: Repairable
single items.
Not published
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Software Aspects of Dependability
IEC 60300-3-6 (1997-11) Dependability management-Part 3:
Application guide-Section 6:
Software aspects of dependability. Describes dependability elements and tasks for systems or products
containing software. (59 pages,
~US$73) This document has been withdrawn in 2004 and replaced by IEC 60300-2
.
IEC 61713
(2000-06) Software dependability through the software life-cycle
process-Application guide, Describes activities to achieve dependable
software to support IEC 60300-3-6 (1997-11) (replaced by IEC 60300-2)
and the guide is useful for acquires, supplies, developers,
operators/maintainers of software.
IEC 61720 (draft) Guide to techniques and tools for achieving confidence in software,
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Maintainability And
Maintenance Support
IEC
60300-3-10 (2001-01) Dependability management-Part 3-10:
Application guide-Maintainability. Describes implementation of
a maintainability program. (67 pages, ~US$82)
IEC 60706-1 (1982-01) Guide on maintainability of equipment. Part 1- Section One, Two and Three. Introduction, requirements and maintainability program. Describes the concept of maintainability, the general approach for maintainability, and gives maintainability objectives. (39 pages, ~US$57). Withdrawn in 2006 and replaced by IEC 60706-2 (2006-03-20) see below.
IEC 60706-2 (2006-03-20) Maintainability of equipment-Part 2-Maintainability requirements and studies during the design and development phase. Describes maintainability requirements and related design and use parameter, and discusses some activities necessary to achieve the required maintainability characteristics and their relationship to planning of maintenance. It described the general approach in reaching these objectives and shows ho maintainability characteristics should be specified in a requirements document or contract. It is not intended to be a complete guide on how to specify or to contract for maintainability. It’s purpose is to define the range of considerations when maintainability characteristics re included as requirements for the development or the acquisition of an item. (101 pages, ~US$145)
IEC 60706-3 (2006-04-27) Maintainability of equipment. Part 3: Verification and collection, analysis and presentation of data. Describes aspects of verification necessary to ensure that the specified maintainability requirements of an item have been met and provides suitable procedures and test methods. This standard also addresses the collection, analysis and presentation of maintainability related data, which may be required during, and at the completion of, design and during item production and operation. (75 pages, ~US$145)
IEC 60706-4 (1992-09) Guide on maintainability of equipment. Part 4- Section 8: Maintenance and maintenance support planning. Describes the tasks required for planning of maintenance and maintenance support—also describes the interface between reliability, maintainability and maintenance support planning. (63 pages, ~US$82) Withdrawn in 2004 by TC/CS 56 committee. Replaced by IEC 60300-3-14 Ed 1.0 (2004).
IEC 60706-5 (2007-09) Guide on maintainability of equipment. Part 5: Testability and diagnostic testing. (126 pages, ~US$185)
IEC 60706-6 (1994-12)
Guide on maintainability of equipment. Part 6-
Section 9: Statistical methods in maintainability evaluation. Describes techniques
covering quantitative aspects of maintainability. (41 pages, ~US$64). Replaced in 2006 by IEC 60706-3
(2006-04-27)
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Reliability Centered Maintenance
IEC
60300-3-11 (2003-01) Dependability management-Part 3-11: Application
guide-Reliability centered maintenance. Describes development of a
preventive maintenance program using RCM techniques. (107 pages,
~US$117)
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Integrated Logistic Support
IEC
6003-3-12 (2001-12) Dependability management-Part 3-12:
Application guide-Integrated logistic
support. Describes
an application guide for the purchaser/supplier to complete product life cycle. (93 pages, ~US$101)
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Risk Analysis
IEC
60300-3-9 (1995-12) Dependability management-Part 3:
Application guide-Section 9: Risk
analysis of technological systems. Describes guidelines for selecting and implementing risk analysis
techniques for quality and consistency in planning and execution for risk
analysis. (67 pages, ~US$82)
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Risk Management
IEC 62198
(2001-04) Project risk management – Application
guidelines. Describes a general introduction to project risk
management, its sub-processes and influencing factors, and provides guidelines
for implementing risk management at various phases of a project. (37 pages, ~US$57)
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Collection And
Presentation of Dependability Data
IEC
60300-3-2 (2004-11-12) Dependability management-Part 3:
Application guide-Section 2:
Collection of dependability data from the field. Describes guidelines for the collection of
data relating to reliability,
maintainability, availability, and maintenance support
performance in the field. (79 pages, US$114)
IEC 60319 (1990-09) Presentation
and specification of reliability data for electronic components. Describes data needed to characterizing
reliability of components and gives guidance to users how to specify their
reliability requirements to manufacturers.
(39 pages, ~US$57)
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Miscellaneous
IEC
60050-191(1990-12) International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary, Chapter 191: Dependability and quality of service (149 pages,
~US$137)
IEC 61703
(2001-09) Mathematical expressions for reliability, availability, maintainability
and maintenance support terms (103 pages, ~US$117)
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